To see what was happening while volunteers were privately making their decision to add or subtract, Haynes' team looked at changes in oxygen in the blood across the brain. These data, picked up by the scanner, indicate changes in metabolism and so, in neural activity.-
A computer program was then fed all these results, so that it could learn to distinguish the patterns of activity associated with a thought about addition from that for subtraction. When they tested the computer's abilities to predict the correct answer on a fresh set of data, the computer correctly determined what the volunteer was planning to do 75% of the time — quite a lot better than the 50% expected from random chance.
"We've shown that it's not just simple motor commands that you can read out," says Haynes. "You can also read out something really high level, if you know where in the brain to look."
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